Monomeric catechin and dimeric procyanidin B2 against human norovirus surrogates and their physicochemical interactions

Food Microbiology
Dan LiuDoris H D'Souza

Abstract

Plant polyphenols have shown antiviral activity against several human pathogens, but their physicochemical interactions are not well-understood. The objectives of this study were to compare the antiviral activity between monomeric catechin and dimeric procyanidin B2 (PB2) using cultivable human norovirus surrogates (feline calicivirus (FCV-F9) and murine norovirus (MNV-1)) and to understand their potential antiviral mechanism using virus-like particles (VLPs) and the P domain of human norovirus GII (HNoV GII.4). Surrogate viruses at 5 log PFU/mL were treated with 0.5-5 mg/mL monomeric catechin monohydrate, PB2 or phosphate buffered saline (PBS, pH 7.2; control) at 37 °C over 24 h. Infectivity was determined using plaque assays and data from triplicate experiments were statistically analyzed. PB2 at 0.5 mg/mL and 1 mg/mL reduced FCV-F9 to undetectable levels after 3 h and MNV-1 by 0.21 and 1.23 log PFU after 24 h, respectively. Monomeric catechins at 1 mg/mL reduced FCV-F9 to undetectable levels after 6 h and MNV-1 titers to undetectable levels after 24 h. In addition, PB2 was shown to directly bind the P domain, the main capsid structure of HNoVs in the ratio of 1:1 through spontaneous interactions. Electrostatic interactions p...Continue Reading

Citations

Jun 17, 2020·The American Journal of Chinese Medicine·Yan-Xi ZengYi-Han Chen
Dec 31, 2018·International Journal of Food Microbiology·Irene FalcóGloria Sánchez
Jun 30, 2021·Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition·Min YangDeqing Zhou
Sep 18, 2021·Chinese Medicine·Le-Le ZhangLiang Zou
Nov 19, 2021·Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition·Yao ChenZhiyong He

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
X-ray
transmission electron microscopy
electron microscopy
Fluorescence

Software Mentioned

K2D

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