More Than Just a Bandage: Closing the Gap Between Injury and Appendage Regeneration

Frontiers in Physiology
Anneke D Kakebeen, Andrea Wills

Abstract

The remarkable regenerative capabilities of amphibians have captured the attention of biologists for centuries. The frogs Xenopus laevis and Xenopus tropicalis undergo temporally restricted regenerative healing of appendage amputations and spinal cord truncations, injuries that are both devastating and relatively common in human patients. Rapidly expanding technological innovations have led to a resurgence of interest in defining the factors that enable regenerative healing, and in coupling these factors to human therapeutic interventions. It is well-established that early embryonic signaling pathways are critical for growth and patterning of new tissue during regeneration. A growing body of research now indicates that early physiological injury responses are also required to initiate a regenerative program, and that these differ in regenerative and non-regenerative contexts. Here we review recent insights into the biophysical, biochemical, and epigenetic processes that underlie regenerative healing in amphibians, focusing particularly on tail and limb regeneration in Xenopus. We also discuss the more elusive potential mechanisms that link wounding to tissue growth and patterning.

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Citations

Nov 3, 2020·Developmental Dynamics : an Official Publication of the American Association of Anatomists·Anneke Dixie KakebeenAndrea Elizabeth Wills
Jan 24, 2021·Developmental Biology·Madison C WilliamsAndrea E Wills
Dec 29, 2020·Genesis : the Journal of Genetics and Development·Cameron R T Exner, Helen Rankin Willsey
Feb 3, 2021·Neural Development·Gabriela Edwards-FaretJuan Larraín
Apr 6, 2021·Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology·Dylan J GuerinKelly Ai-Sun Tseng
Apr 28, 2021·Explore : the Journal of Science and Healing·K E Thorp
Nov 10, 2021·G3 : Genes - Genomes - Genetics·Aaron C TaHollis T Cline

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
amputation
RNA-Seq
transgenic
ChIP-Seq
amputations
dissection

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