Morphologic and Immunohistochemical Characteristics of Anorectal Melanoma

International Journal of Surgical Pathology
Ahmad Charifa, Xuchen Zhang

Abstract

Anorectal melanoma is a rare aggressive disease. Due to its rarity and considerable histologic and immunohistochemical variabilities, misdiagnosis as lymphoma, carcinoma, sarcoma, and/or gastrointestinal stromal tumor is not uncommon, particularly in amelanotic cases. We reviewed histologic features and immunohistochemical stains of 19 anorectal melanoma cases. Histopathologic features were evaluated including junctional activity, melanin pigment, and morphologic features. Immunohistochemical stains were performed using Sox10, S100 protein, HMB-45, melan-A, CD56, and cytokeratins. Epithelioid histopathologic morphology was observed in 63.2% of the cases followed by 47.4% of the cases with spindle-cell, 26.3% with lymphoma-like, and 26.3% with pleomorphic morphologies. Junctional melanocytic activity was seen in almost half of the cases. Melanin pigment was absent (amelanotic) in nearly 40% of the cases. Immunohistochemically, diffuse positive expression of Sox10, S100 protein, melan-A, and HMB-45 was seen in 100%, 40%, 53.3%, and 38.5% of the cases, respectively. Cytokeratins were negative and CD56 was positive in 2 cases. These findings indicate that anorectal melanomas often show one or combined histolopathologic features wit...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 25, 2019·International Journal of Surgical Pathology·Phoenix D BellXiaoyan Liao
Mar 21, 2020·The American Journal of Dermatopathology·Yanqing Wang, Ying Guo
Dec 29, 2020·ANZ Journal of Surgery·Aikaterini MastorakiIoannis Papaconstantinou
Jul 17, 2021·Colorectal Disease : the Official Journal of the Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland·Andrej KolosovAudrius Dulskas
Aug 5, 2021·Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer·Jitendra Singh NigamJagjit Kumar Pandey

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
biopsy

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