Morphological, biochemical, transcriptional and epigenetic responses to fasting and refeeding in intestine of Xenopus laevis

Cell & Bioscience
Keiji TamaokiKiyoshi Yamauchi

Abstract

Amphibians are able to survive for several months without food. However, it is unclear what molecular mechanisms underlie their survival. To characterize the intestinal responses to fasting and refeeding, we investigated morphological, biochemical, transcriptional and epigenetic changes in the intestine from adult male Xenopus laevis. Frogs were fed for 22 days, fasted for 22 days, or fasted for 21 days and refed for 1 day. Fasting reduced, and refeeding recovered partially or fully, morphological parameters (wet weight of the intestine, circumference of the epithelial layer and number of troughs in a villus-trough unit), activities of digestive enzymes and plasma biochemical parameters (glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol and free fatty acids). Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed overall suppression of the transcript levels by fasting, with various recovery rates on refeeding. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays on the selected genes whose transcript levels declined with fasting and recovered quickly with refeeding, showed several euchromatin marks in histone (acetylation and methylation) and RNA polymerase II modifications (phosphorylation) with fasting, and returned to the feeding ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 18, 2017·Genesis : the Journal of Genetics and Development·Amy K Sater, Sally A Moody
Nov 22, 2018·Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part A, Ecological and Integrative Physiology·Keiji TamaokiKiyoshi Yamauchi
Feb 16, 2020·Molecular Biology and Evolution·Antonio BrunEnrique Caviedes-Vidal

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
immunoprecipitation
ChIP
histone acetylation
electrophoresis
FACS

Software Mentioned

Image J

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