Morphological characteristics of sporangiospores of the tempe fungus Rhizopus oligosporus differentiate it from other taxa of the R. microsporus group

Mycological Research
Jennifer JennessenJan Dijksterhuis

Abstract

The fungus Rhizopus oligosporus (R. microsporus var. oligosporus) is traditionally used to make tempe, a fermented food based on soybeans. Interest in the fungus has steadily increased, as it can also ferment other substrates, produce enzymes, and treat waste material. R. oligosporus belongs to the R. microsporus group consisting of morphologically similar taxa, which are associated with food fermentation, pathogenesis, or unwanted metabolite production (rhizonins and rhizoxins). The ornamentation pattern, shape, and size of sporangiospores of 26 R. microsporus group strains and two R. oryzae strains were studied using low-temperature SEM (LT-SEM) and LM. This study has shown that: (1) LT-SEM generates images from well-conserved sporangiophores, sporangia, and spores. (2) Robust spore ornamentation patterns can be linked to all different taxa of the R. microsporus group, some previously incorrectly characterized as smooth. Ornamentation included valleys and ridges running in parallel, granular plateaus, or smooth polar areas. Distribution of ornamentation patterns was related to spore shape, which either was regular, ranging from globose to ellipsoidal, or irregular. Specific differences in spore shape, size, and ornamentation ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 31, 2009·Journal of Clinical Microbiology·Vincent C C ChengK Y Yuen
Mar 5, 2010·Journal of Clinical Microbiology·Arunaloke ChakrabartiArvind A Padhye
Sep 4, 2014·ELife·Nadine MoebiusChristian Hertweck
Dec 17, 2015·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Vincent C C ChengK Y Yuen
Apr 6, 2016·Frontiers in Microbiology·Jyoti P TamangWilhelm H Holzapfel
May 1, 2012·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Antonio CardosoGalba M Campos-Takaki
Apr 21, 2018·G3 : Genes - Genomes - Genetics·Andrii P GryganskyiJason E Stajich
Dec 22, 2019·Journal of Fungi·Malcolm D Richardson, Riina Rautemaa-Richardson
Feb 12, 2021·Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety·Amadeus Driando Ahnan-WinarnoHang Xiao

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