Morphological variability of the palmaris longus muscle in human fetuses

Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy : SRA
Łukasz OlewnikMirosław Topol

Abstract

The palmaris longus (PL) muscle is characterized by high-morphological variability. It is clinically important as it is routinely harvested for the reconstruction of other tendons. The study characterizes the morphology of the PL in human fetuses and creates a new classification based on its variations that would relate to the spectrum of morphological variability in adults. Eighty spontaneously aborted human foetuses (44 male, 36 female, 160 upper limbs), aged 18-38 weeks of gestation, were examined. The palmaris longus muscle was present in 62.5% of fetuses. The absence was bilateral in 26.25%, and unilateral in 22.5%. Nine types of palmaris longus muscles were identified based on the morphology of its insertion (Types I-IX). All types originated on the medial epicondyle of the humerus. The most common type was Type I, which was characterized by insertion to the palmar aponeurosis (52%). The rarest types were Type VII and Type IX (1% each). Type VII was characterized by partial doubling of the muscle belly, which then turned into two separate tendons that inserted together into the palmar aponeurosis. Type IX was characterized by fusion with the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle. Our findings concerning morphological variability of...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 30, 2019·Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy : SRA·Kaissar YammineChahine Assi
Nov 14, 2019·Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy : SRA·Georga LonghurstNick Mahony
Jul 28, 2020·Clinical Anatomy : Official Journal of the American Association of Clinical Anatomists & the British Association of Clinical Anatomists·Piotr KaraudaŁukasz Olewnik
Aug 18, 2020·Annals of Plastic Surgery·Can İlker DemirMurat Şahin Alagöz
Nov 11, 2020·Annals of Anatomy = Anatomischer Anzeiger : Official Organ of the Anatomische Gesellschaft·Piotr KaraudaŁukasz Olewnik
Oct 31, 2020·Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy : SRA·Nurdan FidanCuneyt Yucesoy
Oct 18, 2020·Annals of Anatomy = Anatomischer Anzeiger : Official Organ of the Anatomische Gesellschaft·Nicol ZielinskaŁukasz Olewnik
Jul 5, 2021·Annals of Anatomy = Anatomischer Anzeiger : Official Organ of the Anatomische Gesellschaft·Anna WaśniewskaMichał Polguj
Aug 21, 2021·Scientific Reports·Anna Waśniewska-WłodarczykMichał Polguj

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