Morphology and affinities of new hominin cranial remains from Member 4 of the Sterkfontein Formation, Gauteng Province, South Africa

Journal of Human Evolution
C A Lockwood, Phillip V Tobias

Abstract

Descriptions are provided of 27 hominin cranial specimens recovered from Member 4 of the Sterkfontein Formation between 1968 and 1994. Provisional statements of taxonomic affinity are given. The principal conclusion of this overview is that the bulk of the cranial remains from Member 4 are attributable to Australopithecus africanus or are consistent with the anatomy of that species, while some others are indeterminate. No specimen can be assigned confidently to a known species other than A. africanus. However, two specimens document the possibility that a second, possibly new species is represented among the Member 4 hominins, although such a species is difficult to characterize on cranial evidence alone.

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Citations

Feb 4, 2009·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·David S StraitAmanda L Smith
Sep 22, 2010·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·Fred SpoorLouise N Leakey
Sep 21, 2011·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Brian A Villmoare, William H Kimbel
Jan 26, 2016·American Journal of Physical Anthropology·Bernard Wood, Eve K Boyle
Jul 6, 2012·Journal of Human Evolution·Jeremy M DeSilvaBernhard Zipfel
Mar 31, 2012·Journal of Human Evolution·Frederick E GrineStefano Benazzi
Mar 17, 2010·Journal of Human Evolution·Frederick E GrineAlan Walker
May 19, 2009·Journal of Human Evolution·Elizabeth Harmon
Sep 11, 2007·Journal of Human Evolution·Melanie A McCollum
Jul 15, 2015·Journal of Human Evolution·Cinzia FornaiGerhard W Weber
Jun 27, 2006·Journal of Human Evolution·Kieran P McNultyDavid S Strait
Dec 23, 2014·The Anatomical Record : Advances in Integrative Anatomy and Evolutionary Biology·Amanda L SmithDavid S Strait
Aug 4, 2009·PloS One·Ruggero D'AnastasioLuigi Capasso
Aug 27, 2011·Journal of Human Evolution·Martin HaeuslerThomas Boeni
Nov 26, 2015·Science Advances·Rolf QuamJuan Luis Arsuaga
Jan 21, 2006·American Journal of Physical Anthropology·Darryl J de RuiterLee R Berger
Dec 26, 2018·Journal of Human Evolution·Amélie BeaudetDominic Stratford
Sep 10, 2013·Journal of Human Evolution·José BragaFred Spoor
Apr 24, 2021·Journal of Human Evolution·Kristian J CarlsonRonald J Clarke
Jun 12, 2018·Journal of Human Evolution·Joel D IrishLee R Berger
Aug 3, 2021·Evolutionary Anthropology·Paige Madison, Bernard Wood

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