Morphology, function and pathology of follicular dendritic cells

Pathology International
Y Imal, M Yamakawa

Abstract

The precise ultrastructural morphology and functions in reactive conditions of lymphoid follicles (LF) and dendritic cells, including follicular dendritic cells (FDC) are reviewed; as well as the pathognomonic role of FDC in some disease conditions and finally, the cellular origin of FDC. In reactive conditions, FDC in each of the five follicular zones have distinct ultrastructural features, reflecting the different three-dimensional structures and functions of these zones. The FDC framework may be supported by some characteristic factors, including desmosome-like junctions between FDC and the expression of fibronectin and laminin receptors and caldesmon on FDC. FDC, especially in the light zone, express various cytokine receptors, but produce only one cytokine, TGF-beta. The outer zone may not only be a cellular pathway in the LF, but may also provide a site for germinal center B cell proliferation, and the FDC-lymphocyte cluster is not the site of germinal center B cell division. In patients with auto-immune diseases, such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis and rheumatoid arthritis, FDC may be in a hyperfunctional state, whereas those in patients with immunosuppressive disorders, such as Kimura's disease and AIDS, may be in a dysfunc...Continue Reading

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