Motility of active fluid drops on surfaces

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
Diana Khoromskaia, Gareth P Alexander

Abstract

Drops of active liquid crystal have recently shown the ability to self-propel, which was associated with topological defects in the orientation of active filaments [Sanchez et al., Nature 491, 431 (2013)]. Here, we study the onset and different aspects of motility of a three-dimensional drop of active fluid on a planar surface. We analyze theoretically how motility is affected by orientation profiles with defects of various types and locations, by the shape of the drop, and by surface friction at the substrate. In the scope of a thin drop approximation, we derive exact expressions for the flow in the drop that is generated by a given orientation profile. The flow has a natural decomposition into terms that depend entirely on the geometrical properties of the orientation profile, i.e., its bend and splay, and a term coupling the orientation to the shape of the drop. We find that asymmetric splay or bend generates a directed bulk flow and enables the drop to move, with maximal speeds achieved when the splay or bend is induced by a topological defect in the interior of the drop. In motile drops the direction and speed of self-propulsion is controlled by friction at the substrate.

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Citations

Nov 22, 2016·Nature Communications·Rui ZhangJuan J de Pablo
Mar 11, 2020·Soft Matter·Aurore LoisyTanniemola B Liverpool
Sep 9, 2016·PloS One·Carl A Whitfield, Rhoda J Hawkins
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Mar 15, 2020·Physical Review. E·Ido LaviJaume Casademunt
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Jan 11, 2020·Physical Review Letters·Aurore LoisyTanniemola B Liverpool
Jul 22, 2020·Physical Review. E·Sarah TrinschekUwe Thiele
Aug 10, 2017·Soft Matter·Matthew L BlowDavide Marenduzzo

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