Motivational Deficits in Schizophrenia Are Associated With Reduced Differentiation Between Gain and Loss-Avoidance Feedback in the Striatum

Biological Psychiatry : Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging
James A WaltzJames M Gold

Abstract

The current study was designed to test the hypothesis that motivational deficits in schizophrenia (SZ) are tied to a reduced ability to differentially signal gains and instances of loss-avoidance in the brain, leading to reduced ability to form adaptive representations of expected value. We administered a reinforcement learning paradigm to 27 medicated SZ patients and 27 control subjects in which participants learned three probabilistic discriminations. In regions of interest in reward networks identified a priori, we examined contrasts between trial types with different expected values (e.g., expected gain-nonmonetary) and between outcomes with the same prediction error valence but different experienced values (e.g., gain-loss-avoidance outcome, miss-loss outcome). Both whole-brain and region of interest analyses revealed that SZ patients showed reduced differentiation between gain and loss-avoidance outcomes in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex and bilateral anterior insula. That is, SZ patients showed reduced contrasts between positive prediction errors of different objective values in these areas. In addition, we observed significant correlations between gain-loss-avoidance outcome contrasts in the ventral striatum and r...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 7, 2019·World Psychiatry : Official Journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA)·Michael F GreenJunghee Lee
Apr 23, 2020·Schizophrenia Bulletin·Teresa KatthagenFlorian Schlagenhauf
Sep 7, 2018·Schizophrenia Bulletin·Junghee LeeMichael F Green
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Mar 17, 2020·Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry·Matthias KirschnerAlain Dagher

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