Mozart, Mozart Rhythm and Retrograde Mozart Effects: Evidences from Behaviours and Neurobiology Bases

Scientific Reports
Yingshou XingDezhong Yao

Abstract

The phenomenal finding that listening to Mozart K.448 enhances performance on spatial tasks has motivated a continuous surge in promoting music education over the past two decades. But there have been inconsistent reports in previous studies of the Mozart effect. Here conducted was a systematic study, with Mozart and retrograde Mozart music, Mozart music rhythm and pitch, behaviours and neurobiology tests, rats and humans subjects. We show that while the Mozart K.448 has positive cognitive effects, the retrograde version has a negative effect on rats' performance in the Morris water maze test and on human subjects' performance in the paper folding and cutting test and the pencil-and-paper maze test. Such findings are further confirmed by subsequent immunohistochemical analyses in rats on the neurogenesis and protein levels of BDNF and its receptor, TrkB. Furthermore, when the rhythm and pitch of the normal and retrograde Mozart music are manipulated independently, the learning performance of the rats in the Morris water maze test indicated that rhythm is a crucial element in producing the behavioural effects. These findings suggest that the nature of Mozart effect is the Mozart rhythm effect, and indicate that different music m...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 1, 2017·World Neurosurgery·Elena Romana GasenzerEdmund Neugebauer
Jul 12, 2017·The International Journal of Neuroscience·Simona LeonardiRocco Salvatore Calabrò
Aug 1, 2018·Journal of Neuroscience Research·Xiaofan XiongChen Huang
May 30, 2019·Surgical Endoscopy·Pim OomensJohannes Jeekel
Jan 9, 2019·Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience·A Y Rosalie KühlmannJohannes Jeekel
Dec 29, 2020·International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience·Cristina RussoAntonella Russo
Feb 3, 2021·European Journal of Neurology : the Official Journal of the European Federation of Neurological Societies·Klára ŠtillováIvan Rektor

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Reverse Music Player
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