Mucosal and systemic adjuvant activity of alphavirus replicon particles

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Joseph M ThompsonRobert E Johnston

Abstract

Vaccination represents the most effective control measure in the fight against infectious diseases. Local mucosal immune responses are critical for protection from, and resolution of, infection by numerous mucosal pathogens. Antigen processing across mucosal surfaces is the natural route by which mucosal immunity is generated, as peripheral antigen delivery typically fails to induce mucosal immune responses. However, we demonstrate in this article that mucosal immune responses are evident at multiple mucosal surfaces after parenteral delivery of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus replicon particles (VRP). Moreover, coinoculation of null VRP (not expressing any transgene) with inactivated influenza virions, or ovalbumin, resulted in a significant increase in antigen-specific systemic IgG and fecal IgA antibodies, compared with antigen alone. Pretreatment of VRP with UV light largely abrogated this adjuvant effect. These results demonstrate that alphavirus replicon particles possess intrinsic systemic and mucosal adjuvant activity and suggest that VRP RNA replication is the trigger for this activity. We feel that these observations and the continued experimentation they stimulate will ultimately define the specific components o...Continue Reading

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Jan 28, 2009·Epidemiology and Infection·M T HeiseF J Burt
Jun 25, 2010·Journal of Virology·Anna D LoBueRalph S Baric
Dec 12, 2012·Journal of Virology·Svetlana AtashevaIlya Frolov
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Jan 25, 2008·PLoS Pathogens·Jennifer L KonopkaRobert E Johnston
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Nov 10, 2011·Viruses·Anna P Durbin, Stephen S Whitehead
Dec 4, 2012·Viruses·Igor S Lukashevich
Jul 9, 2014·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Dal Young KimIlya Frolov
Aug 12, 2014·Viruses·Ralph A Tripp, S Mark Tompkins
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Dec 18, 2013·Vaccine·Benjamin P SteilMario Barro
Feb 15, 2011·Virus Research·Alejandro BrunLinda K Dixon

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