Multi-omic analysis in transgenic mice implicates omega-6/omega-3 fatty acid imbalance as a risk factor for chronic disease

Communications Biology
Kanakaraju KaliannanJing X Kang

Abstract

An unbalanced increase in dietary omega-6 (n-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and decrease in omega-3 (n-3) PUFA in the Western diet coincides with the global rise in chronic diseases. Whether n-6 and n-3 PUFA oppositely contribute to the development of chronic disease remains controversial. By using transgenic mice capable of synthesizing PUFA to eliminate confounding factors of diet, we show here that alteration of the tissue n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio leads to correlated changes in the gut microbiome and fecal and serum metabolites. Transgenic mice able to overproduce n-6 PUFA and achieve a high tissue n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio exhibit an increased risk for metabolic diseases and cancer, whereas mice able to convert n-6 to n-3 PUFA, and that have a lower n-6/n-3 ratio, show healthy phenotypes. Our study demonstrates that n-6 PUFA may be harmful in excess and suggests the importance of a low tissue n-6/n-3 ratio in reducing the risk for chronic diseases.

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Citations

Dec 22, 2019·Biomolecules·Maria Cristina Marrone, Roberto Coccurello
Nov 21, 2019·Nutrients·Stephanie Bull-Larsen, M Hasan Mohajeri
Jul 9, 2020·International Journal of Cancer. Journal International Du Cancer·Liang WangMingyang Song
Nov 4, 2020·Journal of Clinical Medicine·Lara Costantini, Nicolò Merendino

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
transgenic
PCR
genotyping
electrophoresis
X-ray
PCA
Assay

Software Mentioned

Oracle
UPARSE
Gephi Graph Visualization and Manipulation
Prism
LEfSe
Cytoscape
MicrobiomeAnalyst
SIMCA
PERMANOVA
Metabolon

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