Multi-state Syphilis Outbreak among American Indians, 2013-2015

Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Virginia B BowenMelanie Taylor

Abstract

This article summarizes a multi-state outbreak of heterosexual syphilis, including 134 cases of syphilis in adults and adolescents and at least two cases of congenital syphilis, which occurred on an American Indian reservation in the United States during 2013-2015. In addition to providing salient details about the outbreak, the article seeks to document the case-finding and treatment activities undertaken, their relative success or failure, and the lessons learned from a coordinated, multiagency response. Of 134 adult cases of syphilis, 40% were identified by enhanced, interagency contact tracing and partner services; 26% through symptomatic testing; and 16% through screening of asymptomatic individuals as the result of an electronic medical record (EMR) screening prompt. A smaller proportion of cases were identified by community screening events in high-morbidity communities; high risk venue-based screening events; other screening, including screening upon request; and prenatal screening at first trimester, third trimester, and day-of-delivery. Future heterosexual syphilis outbreak responders should act quickly to coordinate a package of high-yield case-finding and treatment activities-potentially including activities that se...Continue Reading

References

Jul 1, 1995·Sexually Transmitted Diseases·M M EngelgauR D Gorsky
Dec 30, 2003·Sexually Transmitted Diseases·Gabriela Paz-BaileyLauri E Markowitz
Jul 1, 2004·American Journal of Public Health·Marc B RosenmanJanet N Arno
Apr 8, 2006·Sexually Transmitted Diseases·Richard H KahnStuart M Berman
Feb 15, 2011·Sexually Transmitted Diseases·Robert D KirkcaldyHillard S Weinstock
Sep 6, 2011·International Journal of STD & AIDS·P AchesonJ Kibirige
Nov 13, 2015·MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report·Virginia BowenHillard Weinstock

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