Multimodal mapping of the brain's functional connectivity and the adult outcome of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Gustavo SudrePhilip Shaw

Abstract

We have a limited understanding of why many children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder do not outgrow the disorder by adulthood. Around 20-30% retain the full syndrome as young adults, and about 50% show partial, rather than complete, remission. Here, to delineate the neurobiology of this variable outcome, we ask if the persistence of childhood symptoms into adulthood impacts on the brain's functional connectivity. We studied 205 participants followed clinically since childhood. In early adulthood, participants underwent magnetoencephalography (MEG) to measure neuronal activity directly and functional MRI (fMRI) to measure hemodynamic activity during a task-free period (the "resting state"). We found that symptoms of inattention persisting into adulthood were associated with disrupted patterns of typical functional connectivity in both MEG and fMRI. Specifically, those with persistent inattention lost the typical balance of connections within the default mode network (DMN; prominent during introspective thought) and connections between this network and those supporting attention and cognitive control. By contrast, adults whose childhood inattentive symptoms had resolved did not differ significantly from their never-...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 20, 2018·European Psychiatry : the Journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists·J J S KooijP Asherson
Oct 23, 2019·Human Brain Mapping·Erin HawkinsDuncan Astle
Jul 16, 2019·International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience·Kaihua JiangAibin Zheng
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Mar 9, 2021·Journal of Psychiatric Research·Yair Dor-ZidermanYuval Bloch
Jul 22, 2019·Current Opinion in Neurobiology·Bingni W Brunton, Michael Beyeler
Nov 13, 2019·NeuroImage·Neda KaboodvandPeter Fransson

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