Multimodality molecular imaging: Gaining insights into the mechanisms linking chronic stress to cardiovascular disease.

Journal of Nuclear Cardiology : Official Publication of the American Society of Nuclear Cardiology
Michael T OsborneAhmed Tawakol

Abstract

Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging can yield unique mechanistic insights into the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG), a radiolabeled glucose analog, is retained by cells in proportion to their glycolytic activity. While 18F-FDG accumulates within several cell types in the arterial wall, its retention correlates with macrophage content, providing an index of arterial inflammation (ArtI) which predicts subsequent cardiovascular disease (CVD) events. Furthermore, 18F-FDG-PET imaging allows the simultaneous assessment of metabolic activity in several tissues (e.g., brain, bone marrow) and is performed in conjunction with cross-sectional imaging that enables multi-organ structural assessments. Accordingly, 18F-FDG-PET/computed tomography (CT) imaging facilitates evaluation of disease pathways that span multiple organ systems. Within this paradigm, 18F-FDG-PET/CT imaging has been implemented to study the mechanism linking chronic stress to CVD. To evaluate this, stress-associated neural activity can be quantified (as metabolic activity of the amygdala (AmygA)), while leukopoietic activity, ArtI, and coronary plaque burden are assessed concurrently. Such simultaneous quantification of tissue s...Continue Reading

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