Multiple effects of IL-21 on human NK cells in ex vivo expansion

Immunobiology
Qi LiQingsheng Huang

Abstract

Natural killer (NK) cells (CD56(+)CD3(-)) are large, granular immunocytes that play a very pivotal role in the anti-inflammatory response and tumor surveillance. As an ideal cytotoxic lymphocyte (CTL), NK cells have attracted much attention in clinical trials. However, an insufficient number and their limited life span are bottlenecks that limit the application of NK cells in adoptive immunotherapy. Interleukins such as IL-2, IL-15 and IL-18 are recognized as factors that stimulate NK cells and have been used in NK cells ex vivo expansion. Similar to IL-2 and IL-15, IL-21 is a common γ-chain cytokine that is important in NK cell activation, maturation and proliferation. The present study aims to assess the effects of membrane-bound and soluble IL-21 on primary human NK cells during ex vivo expansion. IL-21 was found to have multiple effects on NK cells, increasing their cytotoxicity in a concentration-dependent manner by up-regulating IFN-γ and Granzyme-B expression. Nevertheless, at a high concentration (50 ng/mL), IL-21 curtailed the life span of NK cells by significantly inducing apoptosis. Moreover, when treated with IL-21, the number of NKT (CD56(+)CD3(+)) cells increased among peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) du...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 29, 2015·Journal of Immunotoxicology·Ghasem GhalamfarsaFarhad Jadidi-Niaragh
May 11, 2016·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Catharina C GrossHeinz Wiendl
May 12, 2017·Frontiers in Immunology·Markus GranzinEvelyn Ullrich
Mar 21, 2020·Cancers·Aline Pfefferle, Nicholas D Huntington
Feb 23, 2017·Annals of Dermatology·Doaa Salah HegabMohamed Attia
Jan 25, 2018·Immunology and Cell Biology·Sofya A ErokhinaElena I Kovalenko
Jan 8, 2021·Journal of Hematology & Oncology·Sizhe LiuJennifer Wu

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