Multiple Exposures to Ascaris suum Induce Tissue Injury and Mixed Th2/Th17 Immune Response in Mice

PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
Denise Silva NogueiraRicardo Toshio Fujiwara

Abstract

Ascaris spp. infection affects 800 million people worldwide, and half of the world population is currently at risk of infection. Recurrent reinfection in humans is mostly due to the simplicity of the parasite life cycle, but the impact of multiple exposures to the biology of the infection and the consequences to the host's homeostasis are poorly understood. In this context, single and multiple exposures in mice were performed in order to characterize the parasitological, histopathological, tissue functional and immunological aspects of experimental larval ascariasis. The most important findings revealed that reinfected mice presented a significant reduction of parasite burden in the lung and an increase in the cellularity in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) associated with a robust granulocytic pulmonary inflammation, leading to a severe impairment of respiratory function. Moreover, the multiple exposures to Ascaris elicited an increased number of circulating inflammatory cells as well as production of higher levels of systemic cytokines, mainly IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A and TNF-α when compared to single-infected animals. Taken together, our results suggest the intense pulmonary inflammation associated with a polarized sy...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 16, 2016·PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases·Neima BriggsPeter J Hotez
Dec 23, 2016·International Journal for Parasitology·Pedro Henrique Gazzinelli-GuimarãesRicardo Toshio Fujiwara
Mar 29, 2018·Shock·Fernanda V E Silva CastanheiraFernando Q Cunha
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Nov 27, 2018·Frontiers in Immunology·Ana Clara Gazzinelli-GuimarãesRicardo Toshio Fujiwara
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Mar 3, 2021·PLoS Pathogens·Pedro Henrique Gazzinelli-GuimaraesThomas B Nutman
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Nov 17, 2021·PLoS Pathogens·Denise Silva NogueiraRicardo Toshio Fujiwara
Nov 15, 2021·International Journal for Parasitology·Alex LoukasPeter J Hotez

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
serum collection
flow cytometry
ELISA
bronchoalveolar lavage
bronchoalveolar
Protein Assay

Software Mentioned

GraphPad Prism
KS300

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