Multiple genomic regions influence root morphology and seedling growth in cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) under well-watered and water-limited conditions

PloS One
Rishi R MasaliaJohn M Burke

Abstract

With climate change and an ever-increasing human population threatening food security, developing a better understanding of the genetic basis of crop performance under stressful conditions has become increasingly important. Here, we used genome-wide association studies to genetically dissect variation in seedling growth traits in cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) under well-watered and water-limited (i.e., osmotic stress) conditions, with a particular focus on root morphology. Water limitation reduced seedling size and produced a shift toward deeper rooting. These effects varied across genotypes, and we identified 13 genomic regions that were associated with traits of interest across the two environments. These regions varied in size from a single marker to 186.2 Mbp and harbored numerous genes, some of which are known to be involved in the plant growth/development as well as the response to osmotic stress. In many cases, these associations corresponded to growth traits where the common allele outperformed the rare variant, suggesting that selection for increased vigor during the evolution of cultivated sunflower might be responsible for the relatively high frequency of these alleles. We also found evidence of pleiotr...Continue Reading

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
PRJNA353001

Methods Mentioned

BETA
whole-genome shotgun sequencing

Software Mentioned

ggplot2
lme4
R package qqman
Enchilada Suite : GUAC
LDSelect
EMMAX
R
Enchilada Suite
WinRhizo
Genome Analysis Toolkit ( GATK

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