Multiple insecticide resistance in Anopheles gambiae from Tanzania: a major concern for malaria vector control

Malaria Journal
William N KisinzaStephen Magesa

Abstract

Malaria vector control in Tanzania is based on use of long-lasting insecticide treated nets (LLINs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS), which both rely on the use of chemical insecticides. The effectiveness of these control tools is endangered by the development of insecticide resistance in the major malaria vectors. This study was carried out to monitor the susceptibility status of major malaria vectors to insecticides used for IRS and LLINs in mainland Tanzania. Mosquito larvae were collected in 20 sites of Tanzania mainland in 2015. Phenotypic resistance was determined using standard WHO susceptibility tests. Molecular assay were used to determine distribution of Anopheles gambiae sub-species. A microplate assay approach was used for identifying enzyme levels on single mosquitoes from each sites compared with a susceptible reference strain, An. gambiae sensu stricto (s.s.) Kisumu strain. Anopheles arabiensis was the dominant malaria specie in the country, accounting for 52% of the sibling species identified, while An. gambiae s.s. represented 48%. In Arumeru site, the dominant species was An. arabiensis, which was resistant to both pyrethroids (permethrin and deltamethrin), and pirimiphos-methyl, and had significant elevated...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 18, 2018·The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·Rachel StelmachRichard Reithinger
Jul 5, 2018·Parasites & Vectors·Monicah M MburuRobert S McCann
Jan 22, 2021·PLoS Genetics·Xavier Grau-BovéUNKNOWN Anopheles gambiae 1000 Genomes Consortium
Dec 29, 2020·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·Joel HellewellThomas S Churcher

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR

Software Mentioned

PoLo Plus

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