Multiple introductions and population structure during the rapid expansion of the invasive Sahara mustard (Brassica tournefortii )

Ecology and Evolution
Daniel E WinklerTravis E Huxman

Abstract

The specific mechanisms that result in the success of any species invasion case are difficult to document. Reproductive strategies are often cited as a primary driver of invasive success, with human activities further facilitating invasions by, for example, acting as seed vectors for dispersal via road, train, air, and marine traffic, and by producing efficient corridors for movement including canals, drainages, and roadways. Sahara mustard (Brassica tournefortii) is a facultative autogamous annual native to Eurasia that has rapidly invaded the southwestern United States within the past century, displacing natives, and altering water-limited landscapes in the southwest. We used a genotyping-by-sequencing approach to study the population structure and spatial geography of Sahara mustard from 744 individuals from 52 sites across the range of the species' invasion. We also used herbaria records to model range expansion since its initial introduction in the 1920s. We found that Sahara mustard occurs as three populations in the United States unstructured by geography, identified three introduction sites, and combined herbaria records with genomic analyses to map the spread of the species. Low genetic diversity and linkage disequilib...Continue Reading

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
genotyping
electrophoresis
PCA

Software Mentioned

pegas
LEA R
R
Trimmomatic
poppr
NextRAD
adegenet
BBmap
R Core
BLAST

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