Multiple Roles of Glycans in Hematological Malignancies

Frontiers in Oncology
Xingchen PangXiang Li

Abstract

The three types of blood cells (red blood cells for carrying oxygen, white blood cells for immune protection, and platelets for wound clotting) arise from hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells in the adult bone marrow, and function in physiological regulation and communication with local microenvironments to maintain systemic homeostasis. Hematological malignancies are relatively uncommon malignant disorders derived from the two major blood cell lineages: myeloid (leukemia) and lymphoid (lymphoma). Malignant clones lose their regulatory mechanisms, resulting in production of a large number of dysfunctional cells and destruction of normal hematopoiesis. Glycans are one of the four major types of essential biological macromolecules, along with nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids. Major glycan subgroups are N-glycans, O-glycans, glycosaminoglycans, and glycosphingolipids. Aberrant expression of glycan structures, resulting from dysregulation of glycan-related genes, is associated with cancer development and progression in terms of cell signaling and communication, tumor cell dissociation and invasion, cell-matrix interactions, tumor angiogenesis, immune modulation, and metastasis formation. Aberrant glycan expression occurs in most ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 14, 2019·Journal of Clinical Medicine·Claudia De VitisRita Mancini
Dec 8, 2019·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Yoichiro HaradaNaoyuki Taniguchi
Dec 10, 2020·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Satu Mikkola
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Jul 18, 2021·International Immunopharmacology·Liu YangXuefu Wang
Dec 31, 2021·Cancer Metastasis Reviews·Wendy E Bindeman, Barbara Fingleton

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
glycosylation

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