Muscle health and performance in monozygotic twins with 30 years of discordant exercise habits

European Journal of Applied Physiology
Katherine E BathgateAndrew Galpin

Abstract

Physical health and function depend upon both genetic inheritance and environmental factors (e.g., exercise training). To enhance the understanding of heritability/adaptability, we explored the skeletal muscle health and physiological performance of monozygotic (MZ) twins with > 30 years of chronic endurance training vs. no specific/consistent exercise. One pair of male MZ twins (age = 52 years; Trained Twin, TT; Untrained Twin, UT) underwent analyses of: (1) anthropometric characteristics and blood profiles, (2) markers of cardiovascular and pulmonary health, and (3) skeletal muscle size, strength, and power and molecular markers of muscle health. This case study represents the most comprehensive physiological comparison of MZ twins with this length and magnitude of differing exercise history. TT exhibited: (1) lower body mass, body fat%, resting heart rate, blood pressure, cholesterol, triglycerides, and plasma glucose, (2) greater relative cycling power, anaerobic endurance, and aerobic capacity (VO2max), but lower muscle size/strength and poorer muscle quality, (3) more MHC I (slow-twitch) and fewer MHC IIa (fast-twitch) fibers, (4) greater AMPK protein expression, and (5) greater PAX7, IGF1Ec, IGF1Ea, and FN14 mRNA express...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 8, 2019·Journal of Applied Physiology·Kevin A MurachMichael J Toth
Feb 23, 2020·Epigenomics·Denis Noble, Peter Hunter
Jan 17, 2020·Journal of Applied Physiology·Michael J JoynerAndrew M Jones
Mar 28, 2019·PloS One·Nathan SerranoAndrew J Galpin
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May 28, 2020·Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research·James R BagleyAndrew J Galpin
Jul 16, 2019·Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise·Michael J Joyner
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Nov 7, 2019·Sports Medicine·Michael J Joyner
Dec 1, 2019·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Scott Medler
Aug 14, 2020·American Journal of Physiology. Cell Physiology·Irene S Tobias, Andrew J Galpin
Oct 4, 2020·Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology·Denis Noble

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