Muscle-Secreted Factors Improve Anterior Cruciate Ligament Graft Healing: An In Vitro and In Vivo Analysis

Tissue Engineering. Part a
Corina Adriana GhebesDaniel B Saris

Abstract

One of the ligaments most often damaged during sports-the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)-has poor healing capacity. On damage, reconstructive surgery is performed to restore the mechanical stability of the knee and to reduce the inflammatory milieu otherwise present in the joint. A return to normal activities, however, takes between 9 and 12 months. Thus, strategies capable of improving ACL graft healing are needed. Embryonic development of tendon and ligament (T/L) is regulated by a crosstalk between different cell types. We hypothesized that terminally differentiated skeletal-derived cells such as osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and myoblasts modulate T/L healing. Using an indirect coculture system, we discovered that myoblast-secreted signals-but not osteoblasts, chondrocytes, or stromal-secreted signals-are capable of upregulating classical T/L markers such as scleraxis and tenomodulin on human hamstring tendon-derived cells (hTC), which contribute to ACL graft healing. Transcriptome analysis showed that coculturing hTC with myoblasts led to an upregulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) genes and resulted in enhanced ECM deposition. In vivo, using a rat model of ACL reconstruction showed that conditioned media derived from hum...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 12, 2019·Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine·Wei Lee LimJia Xian Law
Jul 29, 2021·American Journal of Physiology. Cell Physiology·Alec M Avey, Keith Baar

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
PCR
ELISA
protein array

Software Mentioned

Bioconductor
FIJI
R
GraphPad Prism
Venny
Limma
BeadStudio
DAVID

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