Mutagenicity of diesel engine exhaust is eliminated in the gas phase by an oxidation catalyst but only slightly reduced in the particle phase

Environmental Science & Technology
Götz WestphalJ Bünger

Abstract

Concerns about adverse health effects of diesel engine emissions prompted strong efforts to minimize this hazard, including exhaust treatment by diesel oxidation catalysts (DOC). The effectiveness of such measures is usually assessed by the analysis of the legally regulated exhaust components. In recent years additional analytical and toxicological tests were included in the test panel with the aim to fill possible analytical gaps, for example, mutagenic potency of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and their nitrated derivatives (nPAH). This investigation focuses on the effect of a DOC on health hazards from combustion of four different fuels: rapeseed methyl ester (RME), common mineral diesel fuel (DF), SHELL V-Power Diesel (V-Power), and ARAL Ultimate Diesel containing 5% RME (B5ULT). We applied the European Stationary Cycle (ESC) to a 6.4 L turbo-charged heavy load engine fulfilling the EURO III standard. The engine was operated with and without DOC. Besides regulated emissions we measured particle size and number distributions, determined the soluble and solid fractions of the particles and characterized the bacterial mutagenicity in the gas phase and the particles of the exhaust. The effectiveness of the DOC differed ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 2, 2014·Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry·Sandro SteinerBarbara Rothen-Rutishauser
Apr 14, 2015·American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine·Sara D AdarL J Sally Liu
Oct 30, 2016·Pathophysiology : the Official Journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology·Sergio Manzetti, Otto Andersen
Mar 2, 2018·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Caitlin L MaikawaKrystal J Godri Pollitt
Sep 11, 2017·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Magdalena KowalskaAnna Lankoff
Jul 31, 2021·Journal of Hazardous Materials·Katherine R LandwehrUNKNOWN WAERP

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