Mutagenicity of different textile dye products in Salmonella typhimurium and mouse lymphoma cells

Mutation Research
Ismene JägerKlaus Schneider

Abstract

Textile dyes used within the European Union (EU) were examined for available published and unpublished mutagenicity data. Fifty-three dye products that had so far not been investigated for mutagenicity were tested in the bacterial reverse mutation assay with Salmonella typhimurium (Ames test) according to a modification of the OECD 471 guidelines (instead of five strains, only TA98 and/or TA100 were used with and without metabolic activation (S9-mix)). About 28% (15 out of 53) of the dye samples were positive in the Ames test. Fifteen samples showed positive results with TA98, two were positive in TA100. The mutagenicity of nine Ames-positive textile dye products was further investigated in the mouse lymphoma assay (MLA) (OECD 476). Sixty-seven percent (6 out of 9) induced genotoxic effects in the MLA. The induction rates (IR) were between 2.1 and 132 in the bacterial reverse mutation assay and between 2.1 and 15.2 in the MLA. The results confirm previous findings that dye products are marketed that are not sufficiently tested and that show mutagenic effects in in vitro tests.

References

Jan 1, 1991·Mutagenesis·K Harrington-BrockM M Moore
Mar 1, 1993·Mutation Research·S KnasmüllerR Schulte-Hermann
Jan 1, 1993·Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis·A KaurI S Grover
Dec 13, 2000·Mutation Research·J Clements
Mar 31, 2004·Journal of Applied Toxicology : JAT·Klaus SchneiderIsmene Jäger

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Citations

Aug 3, 2012·Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part a·Elisa R A FerrazDanielle P de Oliveira
May 23, 2015·Biomedical Chromatography : BMC·Aslı Göçenoğlu SarıkayaNecati Beşirli
Mar 4, 2015·Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part a·Daniela Morais LemeDanielle Palma de Oliveira
Mar 19, 2015·Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part a·Daniela Morais LemeDanielle Palma de Oliveira
Mar 31, 2015·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Harshad LadeSanjay Govindwar
Dec 4, 2008·Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part a·Ee Ling SiewSalmaan Hussain Inayat-Hussain
May 19, 2009·Water Environment Research : a Research Publication of the Water Environment Federation·S BellebiaZ Derriche

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