PMID: 7016073Nov 1, 1980Paper

Mutagenicity testing with Salmonella microsome test

Archives of Toxicology
H GreimT Wolff

Abstract

This in vitro mutagenicity test system comprises five different strains of S. typhimurium as target cells with the rat liver S-9 fraction and appropriate co-factors for metabolic activation of the chemical tested. The bacterial tester strains detect both mutations induced by base pair substitutions and intercalation (frame shift mutations). Usually 10(8)--10(9) cells of an overnight culture or an exponentially growing culture are incubated for 2-3 days with a mixture of S-9, co-factors, soft agar and the chemical on histidine-deficient agar. The S-9 fraction is obtained from the livers of rats pretreated with 500 mg/kg chlorinated biphenyls (Clophen A-50, Aroclor 1254) to obtain high metabolic activity. For reproducibility it is essential to standardize metabolic activity and protein content of the S-9 and to use three different concentrations thereof in the test system. Since solvents inhibit metabolic activation of the chemicals they must not exceed 4% of the final 2.6 ml incubate. Several independent studies have shown that between 85 and 93% of chemical carcinogens are mutagens in the test. Regarding extrapolation to man one has to consider that the test is preferentially adapted for metabolic activation of the chemicals, w...Continue Reading

References

Oct 1, 1976·The Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology·B Testa, B Jenner
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Apr 1, 1977·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·F L Petrilli, S De Flora
Jun 1, 1978·British Journal of Cancer·I F PurchaseF R Westwood
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Sep 30, 1980·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·K H Summer, H Greim

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Citations

Dec 1, 1983·Mutation Research·C E Phillipson, C Ioannides
Dec 1, 1987·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·S A ClodeW H Butler
Jan 1, 1990·Chemico-biological Interactions·C R BarnettC Ioannides
Jan 1, 1985·Pediatric Annals·A Silverman
Oct 1, 1983·British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology·P Hilton, S L Stanton
Oct 1, 1981·Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology·W O GrabowC A Hilner

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