Mx gene diversity and influenza association among five wild dabbling duck species (Anas spp.) in Alaska.

Infection, Genetics and Evolution : Journal of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics in Infectious Diseases
Danielle Dillon, Jonathan Runstadler

Abstract

Mx (myxovirus-resistant) proteins are induced by interferon and inhibit viral replication as part of the innate immune response to viral infection in many vertebrates. Influenza A virus appears to be especially susceptible to Mx antiviral effects. We characterized exon 13 and the 3' UTR of the Mx gene in wild ducks, the natural reservoir of influenza virus and explored its potential relevance to influenza infection. We observed a wide range of intra- and interspecies variations. Total nucleotide diversity per site was 0.0014, 0.0027, 0.0044, 0.0051, and 0.0061 in mallards, northern shovelers, northern pintails, American wigeon, and American green-winged teals, respectively. There were 61 haplotypes present across all five species and four were shared among species. Additionally, we observed a significant association between Mx haplotype and influenza infection status in northern shovelers. However, we found no evidence of balancing or diversifying selection in this region of the Mx gene. Characterization of the duck Mx gene is an important step in understanding how the gene may affect disease resistance or susceptibility in wild populations. Furthermore, given that waterfowl act as a natural reservoir for influenza virus, the M...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 4, 2013·Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology·P NovelJ Béjar
Jul 30, 2014·Infection, Genetics and Evolution : Journal of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics in Infectious Diseases·Balvinder K ManujaS K Gahlot
Feb 21, 2018·The Journal of General Virology·Leina B SaitoKatharine E Magor
Dec 20, 2019·The Journal of Animal Ecology·Daniel J BeckerRaina K Plowright
Sep 24, 2020·Journal of Biomolecular Structure & Dynamics·Vijayakumar GosuJae-Don Oh
Jan 13, 2019·Veterinary Sciences·Danyel Evseev, Katharine E Magor
Jun 2, 2020·Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology·Lee K Campbell, Katharine E Magor

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