Mycobacterium chimaera infections in post-operative patients exposed to heater-cooler devices: An overview

Canada Communicable Disease Report = Relevé Des Maladies Transmissibles Au Canada
T OgunremiControl Expert Working Group

Abstract

A multi-country outbreak of Mycobacterium chimaera infection associated with contaminated heater-cooler devices (HCDs) has been reported, with more than 70 cases in Europe and the United States and two cases in Canada to date. The epidemiological and microbiological characteristics of this outbreak provide evidence for common-source transmission of M. chimaera from the exhaust air of intrinsically contaminated HCDs to patients during cardiac surgery. To date, all reported cases have been associated with Stöckert 3T HCDs manufactured at one plant by LivaNova prior to September 2014. Implantation of prosthetic material increases the risk of infection. Infections usually present as prosthetic valve endocarditis, vascular graft infection or disseminated infection. Reported mortality rates have varied, but were often over 40%. Several measures are recommended to facilitate case-finding and mitigate risk of exposure. The feasibility of some risk mitigation measures and their effectiveness in reducing the risk of exposure are yet to be determined. Until HCDs are redesigned in a manner that prevents water contamination and aerosolization, separating the HCD exhaust air from the operating room air during surgery may be the most effectiv...Continue Reading

References

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Apr 27, 2016·The Journal of Hospital Infection·M I GarveyP Jumaa
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Dec 9, 2016·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Hajime KanamoriWilliam A Rutala
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Feb 9, 2017·The New England Journal of Medicine·Deborah WilliamsonTimothy Stinear
Jan 5, 2017·Canada Communicable Disease Report = Relevé Des Maladies Transmissibles Au Canada·K AntonationUNKNOWN Canadian Public Health Laboratory Network

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Citations

May 17, 2019·World Journal for Pediatric & Congenital Heart Surgery·Helen M SargentA Kirsten Finucane
Oct 11, 2020·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Matteo BolcatoAnna Aprile
Jan 14, 2021·New Microbes and New Infections·A Quintás ViqueiraM Alejandre Leyva

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