Myelodysplastic Syndromes

Therapeutische Umschau. Revue thérapeutique
Gregor StehleJakob R Passweg

Abstract

Myelodysplastic Syndromes Abstract. Myelodysplastic Syndromes are a heterogenous group of myeloid neoplasias with differing prognosis. Diagnostics include morphology of blood and marrow and cytogenetic analysis. Risk scores, such as the IPSS or IPSS-R allow for prognostication of survival and the probability of transforming to acute myeloid leukemia. Most patients are elderly and may present with co-morbidities that need to be taken into account. Treatment measures include supportive care as well as low dose chemotherapy and up to hematopoetic cell transplantation and are therefore equally heterogenous in intensity. Supportive measures consist of transfusion of red cells but also platelets, erythropoiesis stimulating agents (ESA) and if transfused, iron chelation. In older patients with advanced MDS, who are not candidates for hematopoetic cell transplantation, low-dose chemotherapy such as with hypomethylating agents, e. g. azacyitinde is reasonably effective and well tolerated.

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