Myopia prevalence and risk factors in children

Clinical Ophthalmology
Christos TheophanousDonald S Fong

Abstract

To evaluate the prevalence and risk factors for pediatric myopia in a contemporary American cohort. A cross-sectional study of pediatric patients enrolled in the Kaiser Permanente Southern California health plan was done. Eligible patients were 5- to 19-years old between January 1, 2008, through December 31, 2013, and received an ophthalmologic or optometric refraction. Electronic medical records were reviewed for demographic data, refraction results, and exercise data. Prevalence and relative risks of myopia (defined as ≤-1.0 diopter) were characterized. Age, sex, race/ethnicity, median neighborhood income, and minutes of exercise per day were examined as risk factors. There were 60,789 patients who met the inclusion criteria, of which 41.9% had myopia. Myopia was more common in older children (14.8% in 5- to 7-year olds, 59.0% in 17- to 19-year olds). Asian/Pacific Islander patients (OR 1.64, CI 1.58-1.70) had an increased rate of myopia compared to White patients as did African Americans to a lesser extent (OR 1.08, CI 1.03-1.13). Median neighborhood household income of $25,000-40,000 was associated with lower rates of myopia (OR 0.90, CI 0.83-0.97) compared to median neighborhood household incomes less than $25,000. Having ...Continue Reading

Citations

Jun 10, 2020·European Journal of Ophthalmology·Aldo VaggeCarlo E Traverso
Sep 10, 2020·Scientific Reports·Wan-Hua ChoMing-Tse Kuo
Jun 15, 2019·The Journal of School Nursing : the Official Publication of the National Association of School Nurses·Valerie HoltonYiing Mei Liou
Jan 16, 2020·BMC Ophthalmology·Andrzej GrzybowskiSeang-Mei Saw
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