N-3 fatty acids inhibit vascular calcification via the p38-mitogen-activated protein kinase and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma pathways

Circulation Research
M AbedinY Tintut

Abstract

Fish oil supplementation is associated with lower risk of coronary artery disease in humans, and it has been shown to reduce ectopic calcification in an animal model. However, whether N-3 fatty acids, active ingredients of fish oil, have direct effects on calcification of vascular cells is not clear. In this report, we investigated the effects of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on osteoblastic differentiation and mineralization of calcifying vascular cells (CVCs), a subpopulation of bovine aortic medial cells that undergo osteoblastic differentiation and form calcified matrix in vitro. Results showed that N-3 fatty acids inhibited alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mineralization of vascular cells, suggesting that they directly affect osteoblastic differentiation in vascular cells. By Western blot analysis, DHA activated p38-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) but not extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK) or Akt. An inhibitor of p38-MAPK partially reversed the inhibitory effects of DHA on osteoblastic differentiation and mineralization. Transient transfection experiments showed that DHA also activated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma). Both p38-MAPK activator and PPAR-gam...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 6, 2012·Current Hypertension Reports·Neal X Chen, Sharon M Moe
Sep 10, 2008·The British Journal of Nutrition·Sanéo ThioubFrançois Guerrero
May 25, 2007·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Michael S HuangYin Tintut
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