n-3 Long-chain PUFAs reduce respiratory morbidity caused by iron supplementation in iron-deficient South African schoolchildren: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled intervention

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Linda MalanCornelius M Smuts

Abstract

Although iron supplementation in malaria-free areas mostly reduces infectious morbidity, it can sometimes increase morbidity from infections as a result of the dependence of pathogenic microorganisms on iron. Supplementation with n-3 (ω-3) long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) improved morbidity in several human studies. However, information on the combined effect of iron and n-3 LCPUFA supplementation on infectious morbidity is limited. We determined whether n-3 LCPUFAs and iron supplementation, alone or in combination, affected absenteeism and illness in iron-deficient schoolchildren with low fish intake. A total of 321 South African children (aged 6-11 y) with iron deficiency (ID) were randomly divided into 4 groups to receive 1) iron plus placebo, 2) a mixture of docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid (DHA/EPA) plus placebo, 3) iron plus DHA/EPA, or 4) placebo plus placebo as oral supplements 4 times/wk for 8.5 mo. Morbidity was recorded, and iron-status indexes were measured. The total phospholipid fatty acid composition of peripheral blood mononuclear cell membranes was analyzed in a subsample (n = 130). Iron supplementation increased the number of days with illness when all symptoms were considered (B:...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 4, 2016·Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes, and Essential Fatty Acids·L MalanC M Smuts
Jul 17, 2015·JPEN. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition·Philip C Calder
Mar 29, 2018·Environmental Health : a Global Access Science Source·Anna L HansellGuy B Marks
Aug 15, 2018·The British Journal of Nutrition·Eduardo VillamorOscar F Herrán
Jul 11, 2020·Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition·Ellen José van der Gaag, Thalia Zoe Hummel
Jul 7, 2020·The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society·Philip C Calder
Jun 8, 2017·Nutrients·Martin N MwangiAndrew M Prentice
Nov 25, 2020·BMJ Nutrition, Prevention & Health·Philip C Calder
Oct 24, 2020·Nutrients·Francesco PecoraSusanna Esposito
Dec 24, 2020·Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition·Magdalena OgłuszkaRafał Radosław Starzyński

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