NADPH Oxidases in the differentiation of endothelial cells

Cardiovascular Research
Fabian HahnerKatrin Schröder

Abstract

The differentiation of stem cells into endothelial cells involves the modulation of highly interconnected metabolic and epigenetic processes. Therefore, the differentiation of endothelial cells is a tightly controlled process, which is adjusted at multiple levels, meaning that even the smallest variation can result in major consequences. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) represent a group of second messengers that can interfere with both metabolic and epigenetic processes. Besides their generation by mitochondria, ROS are produced in a controlled manner by the family of NADPH oxidases. The different members of the NADPH oxidase family produce superoxide anions or hydrogen peroxide. Due to the specific sub-cellular localization of the different NADPH oxidases, ROS are produced at diverse sites in the cell, such as the plasma membrane or the endoplasmic reticulum. Once produced, ROS interfere with proteins, lipids and DNA to modulate intracellular signal cascades. Accordingly, ROS represent a group of readily available and specifically localized modulators of the highly sophisticated signaling network that eventually leads to the differentiation of stem cells into endothelial cells. This review focusses on the role of NADPH oxidases ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 11, 2020·Essays in Biochemistry·Christian Schöneich
Mar 14, 2020·Antioxidants·Tim SchaderKatrin Schröder
Dec 31, 2019·Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity·Qiancheng DengRong Xiao
Jul 3, 2021·Antioxidants·Tullia MaraldiSilvana Hrelia
Jul 27, 2021·Frontiers in Genetics·Yuichi Saito, Wataru Kimura

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