NAD(P)H:flavin mononucleotide oxidoreductase inactivation during 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene reduction.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology
R Guy Riefler, Barth F Smets

Abstract

Bacteria readily transform 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), a contaminant frequently found at military bases and munitions production facilities, by reduction of the nitro group substituents. In this work, the kinetics of nitroreduction were investigated by using a model nitroreductase, NAD(P)H:flavin mononucleotide (FMN) oxidoreductase. Under mediation by NAD(P)H:FMN oxidoreductase, TNT rapidly reacted with NADH to form 2-hydroxylamino-4,6-dinitrotoluene and 4-hydroxylamino-2,6-dinitrotoluene, whereas 2-amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene and 4-amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene were not produced. Progressive loss of activity was observed during TNT reduction, indicating inactivation of the enzyme during transformation. It is likely that a nitrosodinitrotoluene intermediate reacted with the NAD(P)H:FMN oxidoreductase, leading to enzyme inactivation. A half-maximum constant with respect to NADH, K(N), of 394 microM was measured, indicating possible NADH limitation under typical cellular conditions. A mathematical model that describes the inactivation process and NADH limitation provided a good fit to TNT reduction profiles. This work represents the first step in developing a comprehensive enzyme level understanding of nitroarene biotransformation.

References

Jan 31, 1975·Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry·W Duane, J W Hastings
Mar 1, 1979·Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics·S C TuJ W Hastings
Apr 1, 1976·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·W D WonJ Ng
Jun 1, 1976·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·N G McCormickH S Levinson
Jan 1, 1985·Annual Review of Microbiology·E R Kashket
Sep 1, 1983·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·T Kinouchi, Y Ohnishi
Jun 30, 1995·Chemico-biological Interactions·K H LeungS H Chiu
Jul 1, 1993·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·S B FunkR L Crawford
Jun 1, 1993·Journal of General Microbiology·T GorontzyK H Blotevogel
Jan 1, 1993·Archives of Microbiology·A PreussG Diekert
Jan 1, 1995·Annual Review of Microbiology·J C Spain
Feb 1, 1997·Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology·L R KrumholzJ M Suflita
Feb 15, 2000·Journal of Bacteriology·A Esteve-NuñezJ L Ramos
Mar 29, 2000·Journal of Environmental Science and Health. Part. B, Pesticides, Food Contaminants, and Agricultural Wastes·E R Mitchell, M S Mayer
Apr 1, 2000·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·S HuangJ B Hughes
Oct 31, 2000·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·J W PakG H Chambliss
Dec 14, 2005·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·C VorbeckH J Knackmuss
Dec 1, 1996·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·T A LewisW Admassu
May 1, 1997·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·P D Fiorella, J C Spain
Mar 20, 1996·Biotechnology and Bioengineering·W Bae, B E Rittmann

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Oct 19, 2004·Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology·Hong YinBarth F Smets
Apr 20, 2005·Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology·Hong YinBarth F Smets
May 31, 2007·Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology·Barth F SmetsAbraham Esteve-Nuñez
Sep 4, 2010·Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology·Ben A Stenuit, Spiros N Agathos
Dec 1, 2006·Biotechnology Letters·Harald ClausHelmut König
Jul 14, 2005·Environmental Microbiology·Antonio CaballeroAbraham Esteve-Núñez
May 17, 2007·Environmental Microbiology·M Mar González-PérezJuan L Ramos
Oct 18, 2005·American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology·Xiu-Yu YiPin-Lan Li
Apr 23, 2008·The Analyst·Christopher David GweninDuarte Novaes Tito

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.