Nanomolar concentrations of zinc pyrithione increase cell susceptibility to oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide in rat thymocytes

Chemosphere
Tomohiro M OyamaYasuo Oyama

Abstract

Zinc pyrithione is used as an antifouling agent. However, the environmental impacts of zinc pyrithione have recently been of concern. Zinc induces diverse actions during oxidative stress; therefore, we examined the effect of zinc pyrithione on rat thymocytes suffering from oxidative stress using appropriate fluorescent probes. The cytotoxicity of zinc pyrithione was not observed when the cells were incubated with 3 μM zinc pyrithione for 3 h. However, zinc pyrithione at nanomolar concentrations (10 nM or more) significantly increased the lethality of cells suffering from oxidative stress induced by 3 mM H(2)O(2). The application of zinc pyrithione alone at nanomolar concentrations increased intracellular Zn(2+) level and the cellular content of superoxide anions, and decreased the cellular content of nonprotein thiols. The simultaneous application of nanomolar zinc pyrithione and micromolar H(2)O(2) synergistically increased the intracellular Zn(2+) level. Therefore, zinc pyrithione at nanomolar concentrations may exert severe cytotoxic action on cells simultaneously exposed to chemicals that induce oxidative stress. If so, zinc pyrithione leaked from antifouling materials into surrounding environments would be a risk factor fo...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 1, 2015·Chemico-biological Interactions·Yumiko Kanemoto-KataokaYasuo Oyama
Jun 12, 2013·Free Radical Biology & Medicine·Weidong WuJames M Samet
Aug 10, 2018·Toxicology Research·Norio KamemuraYasuo Oyama
Mar 14, 2021·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Kelsie J AnsonAmy E Palmer
Jul 22, 2020·Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology·Ana Paula Sousa, Bruno Nunes
Sep 28, 2020·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta. Molecular Cell Research·Evan P S PrattAmy E Palmer

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