Abstract
The coalescence stability of poly(dimethylsiloxane) emulsion droplets in the presence of silica nanoparticles ( approximately 50 nm) of varying contact angles has been investigated. Nanoparticle adsorption isotherms were determined by depletion from solution. The coalescence kinetics (determined under coagulation conditions at high salt concentration) and the physical structure of coalesced droplets were determined from optical microscopy. Fully hydrated silica nanoparticles adsorb with low affinity, reaching a maximum surface coverage that corresponds to a close packed monolayer, based on the effective particle radius and controlled by the salt concentration. Adsorbed layers of hydrophilic nanoparticles introduce a barrier to coalescence of approximately 1 kT, only slightly reduce the coalescence kinetics, and form kinetically unstable networks at high salt concentrations. Chemically hydrophobized silica nanoparticles, over a wide range of contact angles (25 to >90 degrees ), adsorb at the droplet interface with high affinity and to coverages equivalent to close-packed multilayers. Adsorption isotherms are independent of the contact angle, suggesting that hydrophobic attraction overcomes electrostatic repulsion in all cases. T...Continue Reading
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