NanoRelease: Pilot interlaboratory comparison of a weathering protocol applied to resilient and labile polymers with and without embedded carbon nanotubes

Carbon
Wendel WohllebenRichard Zepp

Abstract

A major use of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) is as functional fillers embedded in a solid matrix, such as plastics or coatings. Weathering and abrasion of the solid matrix during use can lead to environmental releases of the MWCNTs. Here we focus on a protocol to identify and quantify the primary release induced by weathering, and assess reproducibility, transferability, and sensitivity towards different materials and uses. We prepared 132 specimens of two polymer-MWCNT composites containing the same grade of MWCNTs used in earlier OECD hazard assessments but without UV stabilizer. We report on a pilot inter-laboratory comparison (ILC) with four labs (two US and two EU) aging by UV and rain, then shipping for analysis. Two labs (one US and one EU) conducted the release sampling and analysis by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Inductively Coupled Plasma- Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS), UltravioleteVisible Spectroscopy (UVeVis), Analytical Ultracentrifugation (AUC), and Asymmetric Flow Field Flow Fractionation (AF4). We compare results between aging labs, between analysis labs and between materials. Surprisingly, we found quantitative agreement between analysis labs for TEM, ICP-MS, UVeVis; low variation between aging...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Feb 28, 2019·Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences : Official Journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology·B SulzbergerN D Paul
May 5, 2020·Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences : Official Journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology·G H BernhardC C White
Feb 7, 2018·Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences : Official Journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology·A F BaisA M Heikkilä
Jul 2, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Edward SuhendraYi-Chin Hsieh
Jan 2, 2021·Environmental Pollution·Mónica J B Amorim, Janeck J Scott-Fordsmand
Feb 11, 2021·Environmental Science. Nano·Richard ZeppEndalkachew Sahle-Demessie
Mar 6, 2018·Environmental Science & Technology·David G GoodwinElijah J Petersen

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
X-ray
size fractionation
environmental stresses

Software Mentioned

LEITAT
UV
SedFit
AUC

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