Narcolepsy and A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccination: shaping the research on the observed signal

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
Robbert van der MostEmmanuel Hanon

Abstract

Epidemiological data from several European countries suggested an increased risk of the chronic sleep disorder narcolepsy following vaccination with Pandemrix(™), an AS03-adjuvanted, pandemic A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza vaccine. Further research to investigate potential associations between Pandemrix™ vaccination, A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza infection and narcolepsy is required. Narcolepsy is most commonly caused by a reduction or absence of hypocretin produced by hypocretin-secreting neurons in the hypothalamus, and is tightly associated with HLA-II DQB1*06:02. Consequently, research focusing on CD4(+) T-cell responses, building on the hypothesis that for disease development, T cells specific for antigen(s) from hypocretin neurons must be activated or reactivated, is considered essential. Therefore, the following key areas of research can be identified, (1) characterization of hypothetical narcolepsy-specific auto-immune CD4(+) T cells, (2) mapping epitopes of such T cells, and (3) evaluating potential mechanisms that would enable such cells to gain access to the hypothalamus. Addressing these questions could further our understanding of the potential links between narcolepsy and A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccination and/or infection. Of particular ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 2, 2015·Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics·Fernanda Tavares Da SilvaNathalie Garçon
Aug 29, 2014·Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine·Panagis Drakatos, Guy D Leschziner
Jul 3, 2015·Science Translational Medicine·Syed Sohail AhmedLawrence Steinman
Apr 23, 2016·Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics·Quentin CanelleRobbert van der Most

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