Nasal microbial composition and chronic otitis media with effusion: A case-control study

PloS One
Rebecca E WalkerEdwin A Mitchell

Abstract

Chronic otitis media with effusion (COME) in children can cause prolonged hearing loss, which is associated with an increased risk of learning delays and behavioural problems. Dispersal of bacterial pathogens from the nasal passages to the middle ear is implicated in COME. We sought to determine whether there is an association between nasal microbial composition and COME in children. A case-control study of children aged 3 and 4 years was conducted. Cases undergoing placement of tympanostomy tubes for COME were compared to healthy controls. Nasal swabs were collected and a questionnaire was administered. The V1-3 region of the 16S rRNA gene was amplified, and sequenced on the Illumina MiSeq. 73 children with COME had a lower Shannon diversity index than 105 healthy controls (1.62 [.80] versus 1.88 [.84], respectively; P = .046). The nasal microbiota of cases and controls differed in composition using Bray-Curtis dissimilarity (p = 0.002). Children with COME had a higher abundance of otopathogens and lower abundance of commensals including alpha haemolytic Streptococci and Lactococcus. Cluster analysis revealed 4 distinct nasal microbial profiles. Profiles that were Corynebacterium-dominated (aOR 4.18 [95%CI, 1.68-10.39], Strept...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 5, 2019·Current Allergy and Asthma Reports·Rebecca E WalkerEdwin A Mitchell
Sep 11, 2020·MSphere·Silvio D BruggerKatherine P Lemon
Sep 6, 2020·Journal of Clinical Medicine·Francesco FolinoSara Torretta
Dec 28, 2019·International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology·Robyn L MarshHeidi C Smith-Vaughan
May 28, 2021·Microbial Pathogenesis·Chien-Chia HuangCheng-Hsun Chiu
Jul 3, 2021·Nutrients·Fernando M Calatayud-SáezAna Calatayud
Mar 12, 2021·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Sarra E JamiesonJenefer M Blackwell

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR

Software Mentioned

cluster
JMP
R
Basic Local Alignment Search Tool ( BLAST )
SAS
BLAST
Phyloseq
vegan
R vegan
PERMANOVA

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