PMID: 9188940Jan 1, 1997Paper

Nasal sensitization

Allergy
P B Van Cauwenberge

Abstract

Because humans breathe through the nose, the nasal mucosa becomes sensitized to inhalant allergens. Allergic rhinitis is, together with allergic conjunctivitis, the best example of a type I hypersensitivity reaction. It is an inflammation of the nasal mucosa induced by specific immune recognition of exogenous allergens. The production of IgE plays a major role in the pathophysiology. During the sensitization phase, an antigen is presented to an antigen-presenting cell at the epithelial level. Cells that express class II major histocompatibility complex Ia on their surface can act as an antigen-presenting cell for immunocompetent cells (dentritic cells, monocytes, macrophages, B lymphocytes and epithelial cells). Macrophages and Langerhans cells are increased in number in the nasal mucosa of patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis during the season and also after allergen challenge. Topical corticosteroid treatment reduces the number of Langerhans cells in the epithelium. The epithelium also participates in antigen presentation through its possession of antigen-binding surface proteins. The antigen is finally presented to CD4 T-helper cells and B cells; this is monitored by cytokines and leads to the development of memory cells...Continue Reading

References

Jun 1, 1991·American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology·G CoxM Jordana
Jan 1, 1989·International Archives of Allergy and Applied Immunology·G DelespesseU Suter
Jan 1, 1986·Annual Review of Immunology·H MetzgerR Quarto
Jan 1, 1987·International Archives of Allergy and Applied Immunology·K IshizakaM Iwata
May 1, 1993·Acta Oto-laryngologica·P Van Cauwenberge, K Van Haver

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Citations

Oct 22, 2003·Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomédecine & Pharmacothérapie·M C ScavuzzoF Giannessi
Nov 24, 1999·Pediatric Allergy and Immunology : Official Publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology·A W Frankland
Mar 23, 2013·Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy·K Suresh BabuJaymin B Morjaria
Oct 12, 2010·Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology : Official Publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology·Joseph P Forester, Christopher W Calabria
May 19, 2010·Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine·Jaymin B Morjaria, Riccardo Polosa
Nov 3, 2001·The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology·A ShaidaS L Pender

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