National Characteristics of Emergency Medical Services in Frontier and Remote Areas

Prehospital Emergency Care : Official Journal of the National Association of EMS Physicians and the National Association of State EMS Directors
Landon R MuellerHenry E Wang

Abstract

Although much is known about EMS care in urban, suburban, and rural settings, only limited national data describe EMS care in isolated and sparsely populated frontier regions. We sought to describe the national characteristics and outcomes of EMS care provided in frontier and remote (FAR) areas in the continental United States (US). We performed a cross-sectional analysis of the 2012 National Emergency Medical Services Information System (NEMSIS) data set, encompassing EMS response data from 40 States. We linked the NEMSIS dataset with Economic Research Service-identified FAR areas, defined as a ZIP Code >60 minutes driving time to an urban center with >50,000 persons. We excluded EMS responses resulting in intercepts, standbys, inter-facility transports, and medical transports. Using odds ratios, t-tests and the Wilcoxon rank-sum test, we compared patient demographics, response characteristics (location type, level of care), clinical impressions, and on-scene death between EMS responses in FAR and non-FAR areas. There were 15,005,588 EMS responses, including 983,286 (7.0%) in FAR and 14,025,302 (93.0%) in non-FAR areas. FAR and non-FAR EMS events exhibited similar median response 5 [IQR 3-10] vs. 5 [3-8] min), scene (14 [10-20...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 10, 2020·Prehospital Emergency Care : Official Journal of the National Association of EMS Physicians and the National Association of State EMS Directors·Rebecca E CashAshish R Panchal
Nov 30, 2018·Pediatric Emergency Care·Michael ElyLenora M Olson
Aug 10, 2017·Cadernos de saúde pública·Gisele O'DwyerMonica Guimarães Macau Lopes
Jul 8, 2021·Prehospital Emergency Care : Official Journal of the National Association of EMS Physicians and the National Association of State EMS Directors·E Brooke LernerManish I Shah

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