Native language change during early stages of second language learning

Neuroreport
Kinsey Bice, Judith F Kroll

Abstract

Research on proficient bilinguals has demonstrated that both languages are always active, even when only one is required. The coactivation of the two languages creates both competition and convergence, facilitating the processing of cognate words, but slowing lexical access when there is a requirement to engage control mechanisms to select the target language. Critically, these consequences are evident in the native language (L1) as well as in the second language (L2). The present study questioned whether L1 changes can be detected at early stages of L2 learning and how they are modulated by L2 proficiency. Native English speakers learning Spanish performed an English (L1) lexical decision task that included cognates while event-related potentials were recorded. They also performed verbal fluency, working memory, and inhibitory control tasks. A group of matched monolinguals performed the same tasks in English only. The results revealed that intermediate learners demonstrate a reduced N400 for cognates compared with noncognates in English (L1), and an emerging effect is visually present in beginning learners as well; however, no behavioral cognate effect was present for either group. In addition, slower reaction times in English...Continue Reading

References

Mar 5, 2003·Psychonomic Bulletin & Review·Janet G Van Hell, Ton Dijkstra
Jun 15, 2004·Nature Neuroscience·Judith McLaughlinAlbert Kim
May 19, 2010·Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience·Katherine J MidgleyJonathan Grainger
Sep 3, 2010·Annual Review of Psychology·Marta Kutas, Kara D Federmeier
Jan 17, 2012·Trends in Cognitive Sciences·Todd S Braver
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May 2, 2014·Frontiers in Human Neuroscience·Javier Lopez-Calderon, Steven J Luck
Jan 1, 2015·Annual Review of Linguistics·Judith F KrollLauren Perrotti

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Citations

Jun 14, 2016·Brain and Language·Hengshuang Liu, Fan Cao
Nov 4, 2017·Foreign Language Annals·Judith F Kroll, Paola E Dussias
Aug 15, 2020·Frontiers in Psychology·Anna T WareJarrad A G Lum
Jan 15, 2019·Bilingualism : Language and Cognition·Melinda FrickeJudith F Kroll
Sep 25, 2018·Frontiers in Psychology·Andrea A Takahesu TaboriNatsuki Atagi
Apr 16, 2019·Bilingualism : Language and Cognition·Jessica G KastenbaumSwathi Kiran

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