Natural anticoagulants deficiency and the risk of venous thromboembolism: a meta-analysis of observational studies

Thrombosis Research
Matteo Nicola Dario Di MinnoFrancesco Dentali

Abstract

Natural anticoagulants deficiency (antithrombin [AT], protein C [PC], protein S [PS]) is a rare, but potent risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE). We performed a meta-analysis of observational studies evaluating the impact of inherited natural anticoagulants deficiency on VTE risk. Case-control and cohort studies evaluating the association of these abnormalities with VTE were systematically searched in the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and EMBASE databases. Twenty-one studies were included in the analysis. Thirteen studies (3,452 cases and 11,562 controls) showed an increased risk of first VTE in AT deficient subjects compared to controls (OR: 16.26, 95%CI:9.90-26.70; P<0.00001). An increased risk of first VTE was also found in PC (11 studies, 2,554 cases and 9,355 controls; OR: 7.51, 95%CI:3.21-17.52; P<0.00001) and PS deficient patients (14 studies, 4,955 cases and 9,267 controls; OR: 5.37; 95%CI:2.70-10.67; P<0.00001) compared to controls. Evaluating the risk of VTE recurrence, we found a significant association with AT (4 studies, 142 cases and 1,927 controls; OR: 3.61; 95%CI:1.46-8.95; P=0.006) and with PC (2 studies, 80 cases and 546 controls; OR: 2.94; 95%CI:1.43-6.04; P=0.03), but not with PS deficiency (2 studi...Continue Reading

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