Natural Killer Cells and Host Defense Against Human Rhinoviruses Is Partially Dependent on Type I IFN Signaling.
Abstract
Rhinovirus (RV), the causative agent of the common cold, causes only mild upper respiratory tract infections in healthy individuals, but can cause longer lasting and more severe pulmonary infections in people with chronic lung diseases and in the setting of immune suppression or immune deficiency. RV-infected lung structural cells release type I interferon (IFN-I), initiating the immune response, leading to protection against viruses in conjunction with migratory immune cells. However, IFN-I release is deficient in some people with asthma. Innate immune cells, such as natural killer (NK) cells, are proposed to play major roles in the control of viral infections, and may contribute to exacerbations of chronic lung diseases, such as asthma. In this study, we characterized the NK cell response to RV infection using an in vitro model of infection in healthy individuals, and determined the extent to which IFN-I signaling mediates this response. The results indicate that RV stimulation in vitro induces NK cell activation in healthy donors, leading to degranulation and the release of cytotoxic mediators and cytokines. IFN-I signaling was partly responsible for NK cell activation and functional responses to RV. Overall, our findings su...Continue Reading
References
Multifunctional TH1 cells define a correlate of vaccine-mediated protection against Leishmania major
Noncytotoxic functions of NK cells: direct pathogen restriction and assistance to adaptive immunity.
Methods Mentioned
Software Mentioned
Related Concepts
Related Feeds
Cancer Biology: Molecular Imaging
Molecular imaging enables noninvasive imaging of key molecules that are crucial to tumor biology. Discover the latest research in molecular imaging in cancer biology in this feed.
Cell Migration
Cell migration is involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes such as embryonic development, cancer metastasis, blood vessel formation and remoulding, tissue regeneration, immune surveillance and inflammation. Here is the latest research.