Natural osmolytes alleviate GRP78 and ATF-4 levels: Corroboration for potential modulators of unfolded protein response

Life Sciences
Younis Mohammad HazariKhalid Majid Fazili

Abstract

Osmolytes are small organic molecules which play a significant role in maintaining functional homeostasis of proteins under extreme hostile stresses. Any imbalance to cell homeostasis leads to Endoplasmic Reticulum stress (ER-stress) to which a set of cellular responses both at transcriptional and translational level are initialed for restoration of cellular homeostasis called Unfolded Protein Response (UPR). In the present study we evaluated the role of Sarcosine, Betaine, Hydroxyectoine and Ectoine as potential modulators of UPR. ER-stress was induced by Tunicamycin, a prototypic experimental ER-stress inducer. The endogenous cellular levels of UPR markers Glucose-Regulated Protein 78 (GRP78) and Activating Transcription Factor-4 (ATF-4) were evaluated in presence and absence of these osmolytes after inducing UPR with tunicamycin. As a prelude to this, IC50 values of these osmolytes were determined by using cell viability assays like MTT and Trypan Blue exclusion assay. We found that these osmolytes in a dose-dependent manner increased the rate of restoration of homeostasis as was evident by the decreased endogenous levels of GRP78 and ATF-4. These natural osmolytes can thus be useful in therapeutic intervention to mitigate t...Continue Reading

References

Sep 24, 1982·Science·P H YanceyG N Somero
Jun 1, 1996·Cell Stress & Chaperones·W J Welch, C R Brown
Jan 25, 2003·Cell Calcium·Michael J Berridge
Jul 25, 1956·The Journal of Biophysical and Biochemical Cytology·G E PALADE
Apr 20, 2004·FEBS Letters·Anubhav AroraChan Beum Park
Jun 11, 2004·Annual Review of Biochemistry·Ari Helenius, Markus Aebi
Apr 2, 2005·Nature Reviews. Molecular Cell Biology·Martin Holcik, Nahum Sonenberg
Sep 3, 2005·Neurobiology of Disease·Ruitian LiuMichael R Sierks
Nov 27, 2007·Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS·M Schröder
Jan 16, 2009·International Journal of Obesity : Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity·G S Hotamisligil
Feb 22, 2011·Biochemistry·Tejas BorwankarZoya Ignatova
Mar 3, 2011·Nature Cell Biology·Ira Tabas, David Ron
Jan 17, 2012·Nature Chemical Biology·Anannya BandyopadhyayKausik Chakraborty
Feb 14, 2012·Pharmaceutical Statistics·J L Sebaugh
Dec 12, 2012·Cell·Jeffrey L Brodsky
Jul 25, 2013·Trends in Cell Biology·Yani Chen, Federica Brandizzi
Aug 31, 2013·Nature Reviews. Drug Discovery·Claudio HetzHeather P Harding
Oct 19, 2013·Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS·Joseph W Brewer
Dec 11, 2013·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Jaemin Lee, Umut Ozcan
Feb 25, 2014·Redox Biology·Katerina NiforouIoannis P Trougakos
Jan 7, 2015·Current Opinion in Structural Biology·Andrew J Doig, Philippe Derreumaux

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Sep 16, 2016·Tumour Biology : the Journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine·Younis Mohammad HazariKhalid Majid Fazili
Feb 20, 2021·International Journal of Biological Macromolecules·Gurumayum Suraj SharmaLaishram Rajendrakumar Singh

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Blood And Marrow Transplantation

The use of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation or blood and marrow transplantation (bmt) is on the increase worldwide. BMT is used to replace damaged or destroyed bone marrow with healthy bone marrow stem cells. Here is the latest research on bone and marrow transplantation.

B-Cell Lymphoma

B-cell lymphomas include lymphomas that affect B cells. This subtype of cancer accounts for over 80% of non-Hodgkin lymphomas in the US. Here is the latest research.