Naturally presented HLA class I-restricted epitopes from the neurotrophic factor S100-β are targets of the autoimmune response in type 1 diabetes

FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology
Cristina Calviño-SampedroRubén Varela Calviño

Abstract

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) results from the destruction of pancreatic β-cells by the immune system, and CD8+ T lymphocytes are critical actors in this autoimmune response. Pancreatic islets are surrounded by a mesh of nervous cells, the peri-insular Schwann cells, which are also targeted by autoreactive T lymphocytes and express specific antigens, such as the neurotrophic factor S100-β. Previous work has shown increased proliferative responses to whole S100-β in both human T1D patients and the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse model. We describe for the first time naturally processed and presented epitopes (NPPEs) presented by class I human leukocyte antigen-A*02:01 (A2.1) molecules derived from S100-β. These NPPEs triggered IFN-γ responses more frequently in both newly diagnosed and long-term T1D patients compared with healthy donors. Furthermore, the same NPPEs are recognized during the autoimmune response leading to diabetes in A2.1-transgenic NOD mice as early as 4 wk of age. Interestingly, when these NPPEs are used to prevent diabetes in this animal model, an acceleration of the disease is observed together with an exacerbation in insulitis and an increase in S100-β-specific cytotoxicity in vaccinated animals. Whether these can be ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 28, 2020·Drug Metabolism Reviews·Takeshi SusukidaKousei Ito
Jan 24, 2021·Immunology and Cell Biology·Alice E WiedemanSarah Alice Long

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