Near-Infrared Optical Spectroscopy In Vivo Distinguishes Subjects with Alzheimer's Disease from Age-Matched Controls.

Journal of Alzheimer's Disease : JAD
Frank A GrecoEugene B Hanlon

Abstract

Medical imaging methods such as PET and MRI aid clinical assessment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Less expensive, less technically demanding, and more widely deployable technologies are needed to expand objective screening for diagnosis, treatment, and research. We previously reported brain tissue near-infrared optical spectroscopy (NIR) in vitro indicating the potential to meet this need. To determine whether completely non-invasive, clinical, NIR in vivo can distinguish AD patients from age-matched controls and to show the potential of NIR as a clinical screen and monitor of therapeutic efficacy. NIR spectra were acquired in vivo. Three groups were studied: autopsy-confirmed AD, control and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). A feature selection approach using the first derivative of the intensity normalized spectra was used to discover spectral regions that best distinguished "AD-alone" (i.e., without other significant neuropathology) from controls. The approach was then applied to other autopsy-confirmed AD cases and to clinically diagnosed MCI cases. Two regions about 860 and 895 nm completely separate AD patients from controls and differentiate MCI subjects according to the degree of impairment. The 895 nm feature is more imp...Continue Reading

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