Needle length control and the secretion substrate specificity switch are only loosely coupled in the type III secretion apparatus of Shigella.

Microbiology
Da-Kang ShenAriel J Blocker

Abstract

The type III secretion apparatus (T3SA), which is evolutionarily and structurally related to the bacterial flagellar hook basal body, is a key virulence factor used by many gram-negative bacteria to inject effector proteins into host cells. A hollow extracellular needle forms the injection conduit of the T3SA. Its length is tightly controlled to match specific structures at the bacterial and host-cell surfaces but how this occurs remains incompletely understood. The needle is topped by a tip complex, which senses the host cell and inserts as a translocation pore in the host membrane when secretion is activated. The interaction of two conserved proteins, inner-membrane Spa40 and secreted Spa32, respectively, in Shigella, is proposed to regulate needle length and to flick a type III secretion substrate specificity switch from needle components/Spa32 to translocator/effector substrates. We found that, as in T3SAs from other species, substitution N257A within the conserved cytoplasmic NPTH region in Spa40 prevented its autocleavage and substrate specificity switching. Yet, the spa40(N257A) mutant made only slightly longer needles with a few needle tip complexes, although it could not form translocation pores. On the other hand, Δsp...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 24, 2016·Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology·Wendy L Picking, William D Picking
Nov 2, 2015·Trends in Biochemical Sciences·Athina G PortaliouAnastassios Economou
Aug 10, 2013·Cellular Microbiology·Nicola BarisonMichael Kolbe
Feb 4, 2014·FEMS Microbiology Reviews·Andreas Diepold, Samuel Wagner
Nov 8, 2016·Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology·Meztlli O GaytánBertha González-Pedrajo
Dec 10, 2020·Microorganisms·Waad BajunaidFrançois-Xavier Campbell-Valois
Mar 17, 2017·ACS Synthetic Biology·Anum Azam GlasgowDanielle Tullman-Ercek

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
NMR
biosensing

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