Neighbourhood influences on health in Montréal, Canada

Social Science & Medicine
Nancy A RossKatie Graham

Abstract

This paper examines neighbourhood effects on health within a large Canadian city--Montréal. Our approach is to consider that individual health outcomes are determined both by individual and neighbourhood characteristics and we consciously take on the problem of neighbourhood definition by developing 'natural' neighbourhoods. Our data come from the Montréal health region sample of the 2000/1 Canadian Community Health Survey, a comprehensive national survey that contains information on health outcomes as well as behavioural and socio-demographic information. Respondents were placed into 'naturally' defined neighbourhoods as opposed to arbitrary geostatistical units, responding to calls in the literature to develop more meaningful units of analysis. We also compare the 'natural' neighbourhood approach with the use of standard census tracts as the unit of analysis. Results show significant between-neighbourhood variation in health status with about 3% of the variance in the Health Utilities Index captured at the neighbourhood level, even after controlling for a variety of socio-demographic and behavioural variables at the individual level. Models using census tracts as the unit of analysis had remarkably similar results to the 'nat...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 3, 2007·American Journal of Public Health·Nancy A RossJean-Marie Berthelot
Aug 12, 2005·International Journal of Health Geographics·Agricola OdoiTom Abernathy
Sep 22, 2007·International Journal for Equity in Health·Fredrik Niclas PiroBjørgulf Claussen
Nov 27, 2008·International Journal of Health Geographics·Daniel RainhamBrian Liekens
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